Home Itens selecionados Provedores de dados OAI Créditos Sobre Ajuda

			Busca avançada
	Provedor de dados AgEcon (22) BJMBR (1) BJPS (1) Ecology and Society (1) Autor Zeller, Manfred (5) Johannsen, Julia (4) Alcaraz V., Gabriela (3) Houssou, Nazaire (3) Schwarze, Stefan (3) Beghin, John C. (2) Bureau, Jean-Christophe (2) Koo, Won W. (2) Park, Sung Joon (2) Taylor, Richard D. (2) Altan,Cem (1) Balgah, Roland Azibo (1) Bekele, Nigat (1) Benson, Todd (1) Bhadwal, Suruchi (1) Bosch, Darrell J. (1) Buchenrieder, Gertrud (1) Christiaensen, Luc J.M. (1) Dwyer, Janet (1) Fraser, Rob W. (1) Mais... Palavra-chave Targeting (25) Food Security and Poverty (10) Agricultural and Food Policy (5) Environmental Economics and Policy (4) International Development (4) Poverty (4) Community/Rural/Urban Development (3) Food security (3) Poverty assessment (3) Uganda (3) Agricultural distortions (2) Bootstrap (2) China (2) Consumer/Household Economics (2) Farm Bill (2) H42 (2) Health Economics and Policy (2) I3 (2) Korea (2) North Dakota Representative Farms (2) Mais... Tipo do documento Conference Paper or Presentation (11) Working or Discussion Paper (5) Journal Article (4) Info:eu-repo/semantics/article (2) Peer-Reviewed Reports (1) Presentation (1) Report (1) Mais... Ano 2020 (1) 2012 (1) 2011 (1) 2010 (3) 2009 (2) 2008 (2) 2007 (1) 2006 (5) 2004 (1) 2003 (3) 2002 (1) 2001 (4) Mais... País United States (22) Brazil (2) Canada (1) Idioma Inglês (25)		Ordenar por:  Relevância Autor Título Ano Registros recuperados: 25 Primeira ... 1 2 ... Última AN OPERATIONAL METHOD FOR ASSESSING THE POVERTY OUTREACH PERFORMANCE OF DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS: RESULTS FROM FOUR CASE STUDIES IN AFRICA, ASIA AND LATIN AMERICA AgEcon Zeller, Manfred; Sharma, Manohar P.; Henry, Carla; Lapenu, Cecile. Many development projects seek to reach the poorest in the provision of agricultural inputs, extension, credit, education, and many other services. However, low-cost and reliable methods for assessing whether a project reaches the poor are lacking at present. In this paper, we present an operational method that was designed during a two-year research project from 1999-2001 with the support of an international donor-coordination office. The objective of the research was to develop and test a new method that could be later used by development practitioners to assess the poverty level of beneficiaries of development projects that target the poor in relation to the general population in the intervention area. The method constructs a poverty index using... Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Poverty; Targeting; Evaluation; Principle component analysis; Food Security and Poverty; International Development. Ano: 2003 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25907 Antagonist G-mediated targeting and cytotoxicity of liposomal doxorubicin in NCI-H82 variant small cell lung cancer BJMBR Moreira,J.N.; Gaspar,R.. The aim of the present study was to characterize the interactions of antagonist G (H-Arg-D-Trp-NmePhe-D-Trp-Leu-Met-NH 2)-targeted sterically stabilized liposomes with the human variant small cell lung cancer (SCLC) H82 cell line and to evaluate the antiproliferative activity of encapsulated doxorubicin against this cell line. Variant SCLC tumors are known to be more resistant to chemotherapy than classic SCLC tumors. The cellular association of antagonist G-targeted (radiolabeled) liposomes was 20-30-fold higher than that of non-targeted liposomes. Our data suggest that a maximum of 12,000 antagonist G-targeted liposomes were internalized/cell during 1-h incubation at 37ºC. Confocal microscopy experiments using pyranine-containing liposomes further... Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Pegylated liposomes; Doxorubicin; Targeting; Antagonist G; Lung cancer. Ano: 2004 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2004000800008 Asymmetric Intra-household Allocation of Calories in China: Implication for Demographic Bias and the Need for Demographic Targeting AgEcon Shimokawa, Satoru. This article questions the assumption of symmetric consumption behavior in the conventional analysis of intra-household calorie allocation. It proposes a framework that takes into account asymmetric consumption behavior due to liquidity constraints or loss aversion. Using panel data from China, we find that intra-household calorie allocation responds asymmetrically to expected declines and increases in household food availability, which is qualitatively consistent with the liquidity constraint model. Clarifying such asymmetric responses enables us to relate calorie elasticity estimates to the status of demographic groups within a household without requiring a full interpretation of the ordering of the estimates across demographic groups. Results also show... Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Intra-household Allocation; Nutrition; Calorie; Targeting; China; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Health Economics and Policy; International Development; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods. Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49115 Climate change and poverty in Africa: Mapping hotspots of vulnerability AgEcon Thornton, Philip K.; Jones, Peter G.; Owiyo, Tom; Kruska, Russell L.; Herrero, Mario; Orindi, Victor; Bhadwal, Suruchi; Kristjanson, Patricia; Notenbaert, An; Bekele, Nigat; Omolo, Abisalom. Climate change and increasing climate variability threaten the attainment of the Millennium Development Goals (MDG), and some of the worst effects on human health and agriculture will be in sub-Saharan Africa, particularly in vulnerable regions. The relationships between climate change and the vulnerability of resource-poor croppers and livestock keepers and their resilience to current and future climate variability need to be better understood. This paper describes the generation of information that combines projected climate change in agricultural systems with vulnerability data. The results of the analysis, in terms of vulnerable people particularly at risk for deleterious effects of climate change, are being used for impact assessment, targeting and... Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Agricultural system; Vulnerability; Targeting; Impact assessment; Poverty; Food Security and Poverty; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy. Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56966 Developing Poverty Assessment Tools Based on Principal Component Analysis: Results from Bangladesh, Kazakhstan, Uganda, and Peru AgEcon Zeller, Manfred; Houssou, Nazaire; Alcaraz V., Gabriela; Schwarze, Stefan; Johannsen, Julia. Developing accurate, yet operational poverty assessment tools to target the poorest households remains a challenge for applied policy research. This paper aims to develop poverty assessment tools for four countries: Bangladesh, Peru, Uganda, and Kazakhstan. The research applies the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to seek the best set of variables that predict the household poverty status using easily measurable socio-economic indicators. Out of sample validations tests are performed to assess the prediction power of a tool. Finally, the PCA results are compared with those obtained from regressions models. In-sample estimation results suggest that the Quantile regression technique is the first best method in all four countries, except Kazakhstan. The PCA... Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Poverty assessment; Targeting; Principal component analysis; Bangladesh; Peru; Kazakhstan; Uganda; Food Security and Poverty; H5; Q14; I3. Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25396 Direct Payments for Environmental Services from Mountain Agriculture in Japan: Evaluating its Effectiveness and Drawing Lessons for Developing Countries AgEcon Sakuyama, Takumi. This article evaluates the effectiveness of ex-post targeting of the direct payment program for mountain agriculture in Japan. A regression analysis explaining the entry into the program shows that the farm profitability and the production cost were significant positive and negative factor, respectively, in determining the uptake, while the efforts by local governments were a robust factor in facilitating the enrollment. These findings imply ineffective ex-post targeting and call for the differentiation of the premium, alternative incentives to promote forestation for the un-enrolled fields and additional funds targeted to those prefectures with the low uptake ratio. Lessons drawn from the Japanese experience for effective incentive measures in developing... Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Cost-effectiveness; Direct payment; Environmental services; Mountain farming; Targeting; Transaction costs; Japan; Environmental Economics and Policy. Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/110128 Distribution and Causes of Global Forest Fragmentation Ecology and Society Wade, Timothy G; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Exposure Research Laboratory; wade.timothy@epa.gov; Riitters, Kurt; U.S. Forest Service; kriitters@fs.fed.us; Wickham, James D; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Exposure Research Laboratory; wickham.james@epa.gov; Jones, K. Bruce; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Exposure Research Laboratory; jones.bruce@epa.gov. Because human land uses tend to expand over time, forests that share a high proportion of their borders with anthropogenic uses are at higher risk of further degradation than forests that share a high proportion of their borders with non-forest, natural land cover (e.g., wetland). Using 1-km advanced very high resolution radiometer (AVHRR) satellite-based land cover, we present a method to separate forest fragmentation into natural and anthropogenic components, and report results for all inhabited continents summarized by World Wildlife Fund biomes. Globally, over half of the temperate broadleaf and mixed forest biome and nearly one quarter of the tropical rainforest biome have been fragmented or removed by humans, as opposed to only 4% of the boreal... Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports Palavras-chave: Forest fragmentation; Forest pattern; Global; Risk assessment; Targeting. Ano: 2003 ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVE FARM BILL PROPOSALS AgEcon Taylor, Richard D.; Koo, Won W.. Various farm organizations and political parties are taking sides on whether the FAIR Act needs to be scraped or just modified. This study analyzes three such proposals: the U.S. House of Representatives proposal (H.R. 2646), the American Farm Bureau proposal, and the National Farmers Union proposal. The continuation of the FAIR Act is also included as an another alternative. The H.R. 2646 and the American Farm Bureau proposals are modifications of the FAIR Act while the National Farmers Union proposal is a totally redesigned bill. The H.R. 2646 and the Farm Bureau proposals are very similar in their results. They provide higher net farm income for the large size farm than the Farmers Union proposal does early in the forecast period, but the Farmers Union... Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Farm Bill; Targeting; North Dakota Representative Farms; H.R. 2646; National Farmers Union; American Farm Bureau; Agricultural and Food Policy. Ano: 2001 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23496 ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF THE FARMERS UNION FARM BILL PROPOSAL AgEcon Taylor, Richard D.; Koo, Won W.. The lack of a safety net for farm income in the FAIR Act has become evident in recent years because of the necessity of federal legislation each year, 1998-2001, to support farm income. In recent years, U.S. agriculture has experienced a rapid loss of mid-size family farms. The number of small-size farms has increased substantially and the number of large farms has increased slowly. The Farmers Union Farm Bill Proposal is a targeted plan which utilizes varying loan rates based on the USDA's full cost of production for program crops and a Farmer Owned Reserve (FOR). The proposed loan rates decrease as the value of the crop loans increase. The FOR is targeted towards a Limited Renewable Energy Reserve and a Humanitarian Assistance Reserve. The objectives... Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Farm Bill; Targeting; Government Agricultural Spending; North Dakota Representative Farms; Agricultural and Food Policy. Ano: 2001 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23504 Food Security and Agricultural Protection in South Korea AgEcon Beghin, John C.; Bureau, Jean-Christophe; Park, Sung Joon. As part of its food security policy, South Korea has been pursuing food self-sufficiency using high tariffs and high administrative prices in key agricultural and food markets. Using a dual approach to trade and trade restrictiveness indices, we analyze the impact of these market distortions on welfare and trade volume. Then, we compute optimum distortions, which minimize the welfare costs of observed self-sufficiency and production objectives. We rationalize these optimum distortions to what could be claimed as legitimate protection under a "food security" (FS) box in World Trade Organization negotiations. FS-box protection is sensitive to changes in the definition and the extent of the FS objectives. We show that FS via production targets and reliance on... Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Agricultural distortions; Food security; Korea; Protection; Targeting; WTO negotiations; Food Security and Poverty. Ano: 2001 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18547 How Best to Target the Poor? An operational targeting of the poor using indicator-based proxy means tests AgEcon Houssou, Nazaire; Zeller, Manfred; Alcaraz V., Gabriela; Johannsen, Julia; Schwarze, Stefan. This paper seeks to answer an operational development question: how best to target the poor? In their endeavor, policy makers, program managers, and development practitioners face the daily challenge of targeting policies, projects, and services at the poorer strata of the population. This is also the case for microfinance institutions that seek to estimate the poverty outreach among their clients. This paper addresses these challenges. Using household survey data from Uganda, we estimate four alternative models for improving the identification of the poor in the country. Furthermore, we analyze the model sensitivity to different poverty lines and test their validity using bootstrapped simulation methods. While there is bound to be some errors, no... Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Uganda; Poverty assessment; Targeting; Proxy means tests; Validations; Bootstrap; Food Security and Poverty. Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/95780 IMPACTS OF COMMUNITY-DRIVEN DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMS ON INCOME AND ASSET ACQUISITION IN AFRICA: THE CASE OF NIGERIA AgEcon Nkonya, Ephraim M.; Phillip, Dayo; Mogues, Tewodaj; Pender, John L.; Kato, Edward. This study evaluates the impacts of a community-driven development (CDD) project on household income and acquisition of productive assets in Nigeria. Using panel data and difference-in-differences and propensity score matching approaches, the study finds that the project succeeded in targeting the poor and women farmers in its productive asset acquisition component. Participation in the project also increased the income of beneficiaries by about 60%, which is well above the targeted increase of only 20% in the 6-year period of the project. However, sustainability of this dramatic achievement is uncertain since the project did not involve rural credit services. The large cash transfer through its productive asset acquisition component is also unsustainable. Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Nigeria; Africa; Community-driven development; Impact evaluation; Poverty; Targeting; Income; Assets; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; International Development; H43; H42; Q13; Q15. Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50537 Insights from Poverty Maps for Development and Food Relief Program Targeting: An Application to Malawi AgEcon Benson, Todd. Poverty mapping applies models of household welfare developed from detailed household consumption and expenditure surveys to the extensive but less detailed data from national censuses. A poverty map for Malawi, developed by drawing upon information from the 1997–98 Malawi Integrated Household Survey with the 1998 Malawi Population and Housing Census, provides aggregate estimates of household welfare and poverty at a highly disaggregated level—down to the level of local government wards. Given the close association between welfare and food security in most Malawi households, such a detailed poverty map can be of considerable value to development and relief organizations, as they plan and target activities to improve the ability of poor households to cope... Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Poverty mapping; Food security; Malawi; Food relief; Targeting; Food Security and Poverty. Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55897 Insuring Rural China's Health? An Empirical Analysis of China's New Cooperative Medical System AgEcon Zhang, Linxiu; Wang, H. Holly; Rozelle, Scott; Yan, Yuanyuan. Although health is an important factor in economic development, millions of China's rural residents have no medical coverage. Nearly 10 percent of those that were sick in rural China consciously did not seek medical care, mostly because of financial constraints. More than 25% of rural residents are dissatisfied with their village's health system. In response to this deteriorating situation, a new cooperative medical system (NCMS) was initialized in rural China in 2003 by the government. However, after two years of trials, there has been no household-based, economic analysis of the program. This paper provides one of the first. Although where introduced, most rural residents voluntarily participate, there are many problems with the program. First, at least... Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Rural Health; Insurance; Targeting; Design Problems; China; Health Economics and Policy; I11; O15; O53. Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25586 Moral Hazard, Targeting and Contract Duration in Agri-Environmental Policy AgEcon Fraser, Rob W.. This paper extends the multi-period agri-environmental contract model of Fraser (2004) so that it contains a more realistic specification of the inter-temporal penalties for non-compliance, and therefore of the inter-temporal moral hazard problem in agri-environmental policy design. On this basis it is shown that a farmer will have an unambiguous preference for cheating early over cheating late in the contract period based on differences in the expected cost of compliance. It is then shown how the principal can make use of this unambiguous preference to target monitoring resources intertemporally, and in so doing, to encourage full contract duration compliance. Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Moral Hazard; Contract Duration; Agri-Environmental Policy; Targeting; Agribusiness; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q15; Q18; Q58. Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/108795 MULTIPLE BENEFITS OF CARBON-FRIENDLY AGRICULTURAL PRACTICES: EMPIRICAL ASSESSMENT OF CONSERVATION TILLAGE AgEcon Kling, Catherine L.; Kurkalova, Lyubov A.; Zhao, Jinhua. In this study, we estimate empirically the multiple benefits of a subsidy policy that would offer payments to farmers in return for the adoption of conservation tillage and compare the outcomes of alternative targeting designs for such a policy. Using data for roughly 12,000 National Resource Inventory (NRI) points, we simulate for the state of Iowa the least-cost policy schemes for offering payment incentives. We use an economic model of conservation tillage adoption to evaluate the costs of adoption, and we use a model that simulates physical processes (Environmental Policy Integrated Climate, or EPIC) to estimate the environmental benefits of adoption at each of the NRI points. We assess the costs and environmental consequences of two targeting... Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Conservation tillage; Multiple benefits; Subsidy policy; Targeting; Environmental Economics and Policy. Ano: 2003 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18470 Operational Poverty Targeting by Means of Proxy Indicators - The Example of Peru AgEcon Johannsen, Julia; Zeller, Manfred. The measurement of per capita daily expenditures which are compared with a monetary poverty line is the most widely used approach regarding poverty assessment. It is, however, based on the implementation of time and cost-intensive household surveys and, therefore, not an operational method for targeting poor households with development services. The paper shows how to identify an alternative poverty assessment tool for Peru. It consists of a maximum of 15 powerful predictors of per-capita household expenditures selected out of a wide range of indicators from different poverty dimensions such as education, assets and housing characteristics. By applying the maximizing-R-squared regression technique to identify the best 5 to 15 predictors, we avoid an... Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Poverty indicators; Targeting; Expenditure predictions; Percent point function; Peru; Food Security and Poverty; I3; C8. Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25492 Proxy Means Tests for Targeting the Poorest Households -- Applications to Uganda AgEcon Houssou, Nazaire; Zeller, Manfred; Alcaraz V., Gabriela; Schwarze, Stefan; Johannsen, Julia. The motivation for this research stems from increasing interest showed for the issue of targeting. The paper explores the use of proxy means tests to identify the poorest households in Uganda. The set of indicators used in our model includes variables usually available in Living Standard Measurement Surveys (LSMS). Previous researches seeking to develop proxy means tests for poverty most often use Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) as regression method. In addition to the OLS, the paper explores the use of Linear Probability Model, Probit, and Quantile regressions for correctly predicting the household poverty status. A further innovation of this research compared to the existing literature is the use of out-of sample validation tests to assess the predictive... Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Uganda; Poverty assessment; Targeting; Proxy means test; Out-of-sample test; Bootstrap; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Security and Poverty. Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7946 RDP capacities, changing governance styles and the new challenges AgEcon Dwyer, Janet; Pereira, Sandrina; Mikk, Merit; Peepson, Argo; Thomson, Kenneth J.. CAP Pillar 2 policies and Rural Development Programmes (RDPs) reflect a broad range of governance styles and policy priorities, as well as significant devolution to regions and/or provinces within Member States. The processes supporting this new style of policymaking have become increasingly differentiated. The Europe 2020 document identifies significant “new challenges” facing the EU’s rural areas, notably climate change, sustainable water management and renewable energy generation. All of these “new challenges” impinge on EU rural development policies, and imply a need for significant shifts in priorities and actions. This paper draws from recent research carried out within the RuDI project, to analyse the capacity of the current Pillar 2 approach to... Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Rural development policy; Governance; New challenges; Targeting; Adaptation; Community/Rural/Urban Development. Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94913 RISK AND SITE FACTORS AFFECTING POTENTIAL NITROGEN DELIVERY IN THE VIRGINIA COASTAL PLAIN AgEcon Peng, Wei; Bosch, Darrell J.. The effects of cropland slope, distance to surface water, farmers' risk attitudes, and farmers' nitrogen (N) fertilizer applications on potential N delivery to streams and costs of reducing N delivery were evaluated for a representative Virginia peanut-cotton farm. Target MOTAD and generalized stochastic dominance were used to select preferred plans for different levels of risk aversion. Costs of reducing N delivery were lower on farms where fields were located close to surface water, where N was overapplied relative to extension fertilizer recommendations, and where the operator was risk averse. Cropland slope had less effect on cost of reducing N delivery relative to other factors. Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Cost; Nonpoint source pollution; Risk programming; Simulation; Stochastic dominance; Targeting; Environmental Economics and Policy. Ano: 2001 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15287 Registros recuperados: 25 Primeira ... 1 2 ... Última

Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária - Embrapa Todos os direitos reservados, conforme Lei n° 9.610 Política de Privacidade Área restrita		Embrapa Parque Estação Biológica - PqEB s/n° Brasília, DF - Brasil - CEP 70770-901 Fone: (61) 3448-4433 - Fax: (61) 3448-4890 / 3448-4891 SAC: https://www.embrapa.br/fale-conosco